Frequency and voltage control provide the foundations for reliable, stable electric power system operation. Today, every utility and operating entity must abide by certain frequency and voltage control guidelines. Frequency response is of paramount interest to the industry, especially due to the potential grid impact from integrating increasing levels of variable energy resources (VERs), such as [...]

Scheduling entities and transmission operators within the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) region are subject to protocol compliance audits. Texas Reliability Entity, Inc. (Texas RE) monitors compliance with ERCOT Protocols and Operating Guides for the Public Utility Commission of Texas (PUCT), as outlined on the Texas RE website: Any organization that is registered with [...]

Distributed generation (DG) is being implemented across the nation’s electric grid in ever-expanding ways. During the last few years alone, we have seen major increases in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) DG. Nearly 1 GW of installed PV capacity is now distributed across the country’s electric grid. The Solar Energy Industries Association reported that grid-installed PV capacity [...]